Detergent sulphonic acid and sulphate salts of certain amphoteric detergents



United States Patent DETERGENT SULPHGNIC ACID AND SUL- PHATE SALTS OF CERTAIN AMPHOTERIC DETERGENTS Hans S. Mannheimer, New Y lk, N- Y.

N Drawing. Application'March 6, 1956, Serial No. 569,697

,6 Claims. ,(Cl. 260-459) active agents, are employed as starting materials in the practice of this invention, and have the following general Formula I:

in which R is a hydrocarbon-radical of atleast 6 carbon atoms and preferably 6-18 carbon atoms, and for most purposes R is preferably such a radical which may be either aliphatic and straight or branch chain or cycloaliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic, with thealiphatic portion being-attached to an aromatic nucleus and having at least 3 carbon atoms; Y is selected from the class consisting of R6 and R2-C0OM; R2 is an organic group selected from the class consisting of a') aliphatic, aromatic or aromatic-aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of 1-12 carbon atoms, such as --CHz.-, -C2H4, -C3Hs, C4Ha--, -C5H1o--, -C6 Hl0-, -CsH4-, C6H4CH2, (b) hydroxy substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of 1-12 carbon atoms, illustrative examples of which are -CH2CHOHCH2, CH2CHOHCHOHCH2-, (c)

aliphatic ether groups, each of said groups having at least i one ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms, illustrative examples of which are -C2H4OCH2, (C2H4O)3CH2-, C3HsOCHz-, (d) aliphatic ether groups, each of said r u s havin at leas 02 eth QX an. l nkage t erei nd e wise bsias h d o y subs itatcd h drqca bq i lzw sq b a m ii l str examp e 9f whi hi 1 TCHaCHQHQH OC Z- (e) a pha c l s -sr up,, as Qf ai srau sh vias as l arbo l n a there: in and the wi be n h d carhqn il-12 ss ba QiQJI S Li FQF Y ex m le 0 w ah i QH QQQHZMV,, (f) a phati zke qs qu s ea o d s aups h y aa in e c bo y i k the n othe w e-be n hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbqn atoms, illustr e mple o wh ch is -CH C0CH H H2-m (a) ali h i t mhe p a f s zsro p hav-. ingether oxygen and single carbonyllinlga'ges therein nd othe wis be n ydroc rbo 9 bywa -s bst tuted hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms; Rsis selected from h las sqs istin ydr n an mon valem; adi otherwise defined in (a)-(g), examples f which ta 'fli VC,H H5, CBHY, C4 .C H11 :CrHu; 6H C6 4 .Hs .2 4 H CH.2 O CH2Q. V tc-,,-,C2Ht CH tc, 2CO. HQHC s,

--crncocH 3, These various n said m ta s lts ue nlw.

ice

prepared in a number of diiferent ways well known to the art, among which are ,the following: 1 mol of C9H19C6H4NH2 is reacted with 1 and 2 mols respectively of an appropriate monqhalomongcarboxylic acid, such as monochloraceticin the presence of aqueous caustic soda, to provide compounds hereinafter known as products A and B respectively and having the followingformulas: V

CElr-CO om CHr-pOQNa respectively; 1 mol of C9H19--NH2 may first be reacted with 1 mol of methyl chloride and ethylene chlorhydrin and CHz-C OONa s aa ti ely sad su t equ tl ie s sl with lmql qt 11710;:- acetic acid in the presence of aqueouscaustic soda to previde compounds hereinafter known as productsC and D, having the following formulas:

CH3 ,QBEKW urn-doom and CzHrOlI Gril s-N OH -COONa respectively; 1 mol of Q6H13-7NH2 may be reacted lrnol of monoehlorlactic acid in the presence of aqueous caustic soda to provide compound hereinafter knownas productE, vhaving the following formula:

1 mol of C1sH3s-NH 2 may be reacted with 1 and 2 mols provide compounds hereinafter known as products F and G respectively, having the following formulas:

CnHss-mN czHioom-cooK and n CzHrQQHz-COOK CIEHMTN CrHiOCHIrQOOK respectively; 1 mol, of product A may be reacted with 1 mol of glycerine chlorhydrin and dimethyl hydroxylgetone chlorhydrin respectively, to provide productsI-I and I, having, the following formulas:

9 mol of monochlorethoxy acetic acid in the presence of nted Feb- 2, :57

aqueous potassium hydroxide, to provide compound hereinafter known as product K and of the following formula:

1 mol of CsH13NH2 is reacted with glycerine chlorhydrin, and dimethyl dihydroxyketone chlorhydrin respectively and 1 mol of each of the resulting compounds are reacted with 2 mols of monochloracetic acid in the presence of caustic soda to provide products L and M of the following formulas:

CHzCEOHCHzO OHz-QOONa CuHra-N CHz-C ON&

and

0H cHloodno CHI-"C OONa CoHrsN 0112-0 0 ONa respectively; 1 mol of CnHas-NH: is reacted with 2 mols of glycerine oxide omortomon and then with 2 mols of monochloracetic acid in the presence of caustic soda in aqueous solution to provide product N of the following formula:

CHZCHOHCHZO CHr-C O ONa CnHar- CHsCHOHOHgO GHQ-C O ONa 1 mol of a polyethoxy amine, such as diethoxy amine is first reacted with 1 mol of CuHzsCl and 1 mol of resulting compound is reacted with 1 mol of monochlorpropionic acid in the presence of potassium hydroxide or with acrylonitrile (CH2=CHCN) and subsequently hydrolized to provide product 0 of the following formula:

1 mol C1oH21NH2 is first reacted with one mol of methyl chloride and subsequently reacted with 1-5 mols of ethyle'ne oxide or 1-4 mols of propylene oxide and, in this specific instance, 3 mols of ethylene oxide and then with 1 mol of monochloracetic acid in the presence of caustic soda to provide product P having the following formula:

(CzH-)sCHzCOONa uHn-N (CzH4O),H

1 mol of C H -N in which x is 1-5, and in this instance is 4, is reacted with 1 and 2 mols of monochloracetic acid respectively in the presence of caustic soda, to provide products Q and R respectively having the following formulas:

(CsHeOhH Gin er-N (CsHsO)H in which as is 1-3, and in this example is 3, is reacted with 1 and 2 mols respectively of monochloracetic acid in the presence of caustic soda, to provide products S and T respectively, having the following formulas:

respectively; 1 mol of and H C11 2aN GHQ-C 0 ON a 1 mol'of product C11H23NH2 is first reacted with 1 mol of ClCsHs and then with 1 mol of chloracetic acid in the presence of caustic soda to provide a compound having the following formula and known as product T-3:

1 mol of product I is reacted with 1 mol of monochloracetic acid in the presence of caustic soda to provide compound hereinafter known as product U having the following formula:

GHzC OCHrO CH2C 0 ON?) CsHrn-N CHz-COONa The radical R of all of the formulas hereinbefore and hereinafter 'set forth is that hereinbefore defined in connection with Formula 1. Instead of employing monochloracetic acid, any other appropriate monohalomonocarboxylic acid, such as monochlorpropionic, monochlorlactic acids, etc. may be employed. Thus, by merely substituting the particular monohalomonocarboxylic acid for those used in the production of the particular compounds hereinbefore set forth, and/or by employing the various radicals and groups for R6 and R2 but within the definitions thereof as heretofore defined, a very great number of products X, examples of which are products A-H and J-U, are amino acid metal salts," which may be employed as starting materials or reactants in the practice of this invention.

Priorjto this invention, it was known that cationic surface active agents and anionic surface active agents when together in'aqueous solution resulted in the production or formation of water insoluble compounds; and that adding an anionic surface active agent to an aqueous solu- A mmmLtf produce water-soluble reactign products; Not: only did I make said discovery, but .I. furt herdiscovered that water solutions of such reaction products had viscosities greater than corresponding aqueous. solutions qfi the amino acidmetal salts and also. exhibited betterfoaming characteristics than did said amino acid metal salts in very low dilutions under extreme water hardness conditions. Said reaction products-are nonrtoxic and nonirritating to the human, skin, They have been found eminently useful as general utility detergents, such as for car washing, dish washing, clothes washing, etc. Said amino acid metal salts when. used as components of shampoos sometimes caused slight irritation or stinging of the eyes when such shampoos were used and water solutions thereof accidentally reached the eyes. I have further discovered that the. reaction; products of this invention caused practically no irritation or stinging of the,

eyes when so employed.

According to this. invention, one'or: a combination of two or more of-saidq amino acid metal salts of the general structural Formula I" are reacted. with one or a combination of two or more anionic surface active agents of the following general structural'Formula II to provide novel, water-soluble compounds having the following general structural Formula III,,and,having high wetting, detergency, and surface active properties and capable of providing voluminous and stable foams iniaqueous solutions, and which aqueoussolutions-are substantially-nonirritating to the skin and eyes of normal human beings.

FORMULA II Rs.X-M

FORMULA .111

erein R3 is a hydr a n adical. either alipha i c.9 1- taining 618 carbon atoms, or aliphatic-aromatic;consist; ing of a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring having an aliphatic radical of 6-1-8 carbon atomsattached thereto;

X is 0503 or $03; and R, Y, R2 andlVL have been hr e--;

ing the mass at a temperature between approximately 100-200 F. In this reaction under the aforesaid conditions, the compoundsof Formula; III- are produced, said compounds having high water solubility in:spite,of; the;

fact that the number of carbon atoms in R3 is 6' or more. Such compoundsof Formula; III have an unexpected extremely high water-solubility, while the corresponding salts of cationic compounds are water-insoluble. The resultant aqueous solution canbe used directly as a surface active agent, wetting agent or detergent-'fon'the purposes indicated for the amino acidmetal sal'ts While the quantities of the compound of Formula: I and compound of Formula .Ilmay be equimolecular for goodyield of compounds of FormulaIII, I may employ an excess of either, and in general the. mole ratio of a compound of Formula I to compound of'Formula II may be 2 moles of the former to. 1+3. moles of the latter.

factory practice to approximately 140 F. Then a quantity or" a compound of Formula II is dissolved in water in a separate container and this solution is added to said first solution and; themass; is maintained in said temperature range while being constantlystirred, and an acidic agent is added thereto to reduce the pH thereof to a value below 10 and in the range of approximately 7 to 9,- and preferably ofapproximately 8.2 to approximately 8.7. At the end oftheacidic agent addition, the stir-t ring is continued and. the. temperature of the mass main- :tained for about 1020 minutes after which the solution is allowed to cool andis a finished product.

The following are specific examples merely given by way of illustrating the invention and are not to be taken by way of limitation, all parts being given by .I weight unless otherwise specified.

Example. 1 1

An aqueous solution; of 400 parts of product A in 450 parts of water is heated to approximately 140 F. and

.:its pH (measured electrically) is. adjusted by the addition of aqueous caustic soda to 1213. While being constantly stirred and maintained at that temperature, there is added a solution of 290 parts of sodium salt of lauryl sulfate:

H CsHw- H/ CH2-.CO0Na C12H2 -O-S 03 Example 2 Employ the same procedure and components as set f rth-in-Example 1,,except; that only about 150 parts of the sodium salt of lauryl, sulfateare used. stance, the resultant product, is a solution of the novel "reaction product whose structural formula is shown in Example 1 together with unreactedproduct A used, in"

the approximate, proportion of two partsof the former to one of the latter.

Employ the same procedure as that set forth in Example l, but employ the components indicated in the tion products of said Examples.336.

Example 3 380 parts of product'B in 600 parts of water. 360.

parts of stearyl sulfonate sodium salt:

C1aHs'zSO3--Nain 700 parts of water.

The temperature of FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT H C Hr-C O O Na.

CtsHav-S 03 Example 4 240 parts of product C in 360 parts of water. 330 parts of dodecyl benzene sulfonate sodium salt:

A C12H25CsH4-SO3Na in 500 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT CHI CnHm-N H CHr-COONa CuHz5-O uH4-S 03 Example 5 270 parts of product D in 405 parts of water. parts of hexylnaphthene sulfonate sodium salt:

in 450 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT CnHmN H CH2COONa Example 6 210 parts of product E in 315 parts of water. parts of hexyl sulfate sodium salt:

CeH1sOSOsNa in 400 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT CuHta-N H CHaCHOH-COONa CaHxa-OSOa Example 7 I 390 parts of product F in 585 parts of water. 320 parts decyl benzene sulfonate sodium salt:

C1oH21-CsH4-SO3K in 600 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT C eHu-N H C2H4OCHs-C-OOK lD ill-C6H4s 0;

Example 8 270 parts of product G in 405 parts of water. 320 parts of octyl benzene sulfonate potassium salt:

CsH1'7C6H4-SO3K in 500 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT C:H4O OHz-C 0 0K CuHas- H OQHAO CHg-COOK Cfixr-CoHt-B 0:

Example 9 350 parts of product H in 500 parts of water. 400 parts 10 of decyl sulfonate sodium salt:

v 375 parts of product K in 550 parts of water. 280 parts of tridecyl sulfonate potassium salt:

C13H27SO3K in 450 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT OZHAOH |Hn-N 200 H C2H4OCH:COOK

C1aH21S s Example 12 400 parts of product L in 600 parts of water. 290 parts of potassium salt of lauryl sulfate:

in 450 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT CHzCHOHCHzOCH-COONB @oHia-N H CH2-( 0 0N8 Example 13 400 parts of product M in 600 parts of water. 360 parts of stearyl sulfonate sodium salt:

C1sIfi'z-SO3-Na in' 700 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT cmc 0(3110 GHQ-C 0 ON:

C aHxa-N H CHa-GOONa CJJ H Example "'475 parts ot' roducilN-in 2 parts i" water; parts of dode cylbenzene sulfeaate sodium salt.

C12H2a-C6H SO3-Na in 500 parts of water.

FORMULA OE NOV-EL REACTION PRODUCT CHzCHOHCHzOCHr-COONa C11Hat- H oH2OHoH0Hz0CH2o 00m C igHar-G tH WS Q8 Example 350 parts ofp'toduct 0 in 525'parts of water. 300 parts of hexylnaphthene sulfonate sodium salt:

S 03,-N a

CaHis in 450 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT v (CzH OhH uEzsr-N C2E4+C Q-OK 500 parts of product Q in 750 parts of Water. 750 parts of d'ecyl benzene sulfonate sodium salt:

C1oH21CeH4SO3-K in 600 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT (CgHgOhCHz -COONfi C9H19N H (O2H40)4H CruHzr-C 6H4S 0 3 Example 18 680 parts of product R in 1000 parts of water. parts of octyl benzene sulfate sodium salt:

CaH1'1-CsH4SOaNa in 500 parts of water.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT (CQH40)4OH2-COON&

CnHm-N H (CzHrO)4CH2COONn CaH 7-C aH S 03 sea.

EXQ EPZ 19, I 590 parts of product S in. 890 parts of water. 400'parts 0t}- decyl, sulfate sodium salt:

C10H21.$OaNa in 600 partsofwater.

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT (O2HsO)rGHz-OOON&

CnH2s-N H/ (CzHoO)aH Giulia-S03 Example 20 700 parts of product '1 in 1050 parts water. 150- parts, of heptyl benzene sulfonate sodium salt:

C7H15\CsH -SO3 Na in 450 parts of water,

FORMULA OF NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT (GaHaQ)3CH2CO,ONa

CpHgae-N H (CsHtO)aCH2-COON&

C1H1;C@H4SO!;

Extunple 21 C1aH27-SO3-K in 450. parts'of water.

FORMULA OF, NOVEL REACTION PRODUCT CHQC O QHzO GHg.-C O ()Na CraHzr-S 0:

Following the same procedure as that set forth in-Example l, and employing 1 mole of any of the other reactants of Formula I and 1 mole of any of the other reactants of Formula II, agreat number of -other novel reaction products, whose formulas are those of Formula III, may be produced. It is also to be understood that any of said reactants of Formula I may be specifically different from those shown in the foregoing by substituting any for the particular R shown, a radical such as C12H25 which is preferable or any other hydrocarbon radical of 6-18 carbon atoms, Y and R2 also may be varied so that a great variety of starting materials may be used.

Also, other reactants of Formula II may be employed in the specific examples, the R3 may be varied and S03 may be substituted for 0503 and vice-versa.

It is to be understood that instead of first adjusting the pH of the compound of Formula I to 12-13 before the addition of the compound of Formula II, any other method may be employed to obtain the condition whereby the pH of the solution of I and II is at least 10 and preferably 10.5-11 before the addition of the acidic agent to lower the pH of the mass to approximately 7 to approximately 9. For example, I and II may be dissolved together and this solution may, by the addition of caustic soda when required, have its pH adjusted to at least 10, and then at 1O0--2O0 F. is ready for the addition of the acidic agent to lower its pH to approximately 7 to approximately 9. If desired, the required amount of acidic agent may be added either before or after the solution of pH of at least 10 is brought to a temperature in the range of -200" F.

Since certain changes in carrying out the aforesaid processes and certain modifications in the compositions which embody the invention may be made without departing from its scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

I claim: 1. A compound of the following formula:

Y RN/ H \RT'COOM Rs-X in which R is a hydrocarbon radical of 6-18 carbon atoms; Y is selected from the class consisting of Re and Rz-COOM; R2 being an organic group selected from the class consisting of (a) aliphatic, aromatic and aromaticaliphatic hydrocarbon groups of 1-12 carbon atoms, (b) hydroxy substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of l-l2 carbon atoms, aliphatic ether groups, each of said groups having at least one ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms, (d) aliphatic ether groups, each of said groups having at least one ether oxygen linkage therein and otherwise being hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms, (2) aliphatic keto groups, each of said groups having carbonyl linkage therein and otherwise being hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms, (f) aliphatic keto groups, each of said groups having carbonyl linkage therein and otherwise being hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms, (g) aliphatic keto-ether groups, each of said groups having carbonyl and ether oxygen linkages therein and otherwise being hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon of 2-12 carbon atoms; R6 is selected from the class consisting of (h) hydrogen and (i) monovalent radicals otherwise defined in (a)(g); R3 is selected from the class consisting of (j) aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals of 6-18 carbon atoms, and (k) aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon radicals consisting of benzene and naphthalene groups, each group having an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 6-18 carbon atoms attached thereto; X is selected from the group consisting of S03 and 0803; and M is an alkali metal.

2. A compound of the following formula:

Ra-SOs 12 in which R is hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms; R: is aliphatic hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms.

3. A compound of the following formula:

orb-000m 7 H CHz-C O O Na in which R is hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms and R4 is aliphatic hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms. 4. A compound of the following formula:

, in which R is hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms; R4 is aliphatic hydrocarbon of 6-18 carbon atoms.

5. A compound of the following formula:

in which R is hydrocarbon of 4-18 carbon atoms; R: is hydrocarbon of 6-20 carbon atoms; and x is 1-5.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,097,640 Piggott Nov. 2, 1937 FOREIGN PATENTS 208,288

Switzerland Apr. 16, 19 

1.A COMPOUND OF THE FOLLOWING FORMULA: 